Reconstructed Global Mean Sea Level 1900-2018
(JPL_RECON_GMSL)| Version | 1.0 |
| Processing Level | 4 |
| Start/Stop Date | 1900-Jan-01 to 2018-Dec-31 |
| Short Name | JPL_RECON_GMSL |
| Description | This dataset contains reconstructed global-mean sea level evolution and the estimated contributing processes over 1900-2018. Reconstructed sea level is based on annual-mean tide-gauge observations and uses the virtual-station method to aggregate the individual observations into a global estimate. The contributing processes consist of thermosteric changes, glacier mass changes, mass changes of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheet, and terrestrial water storage changes. The glacier, ice sheet, and terrestrial water storage are estimated by combining GRACE observations (2003-2018) with long-term estimates from in-situ observations and models. Steric estimates are based on in-situ temperature profiles. The upper- and lower bound represent the 5 and 95 percent confidence level. The numbers are equal to the ones presented in Frederikse et al. The causes of sea-level rise since 1900, Nature, 2020.This dataset was produced by the Heat and Ocean Mass from Gravity ESDR (HOMAGE) project, with funding from MeASUREs-2017. HOMAGE is combining satellite observations to create a set of ESDRs that provide a homogeneous basis for accurate and current quantification of the planetary sea level budget, ocean heat content, and large-scale ocean transport variations. |
| DOI | 10.5067/GMSLT-FJPL1 |
| Measurement | OCEANS > SEA SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY > SEA SURFACE HEIGHT |
| Platform/Sensor | GRACE-FO / Platform Name: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) Orbit Period: -1.0 minutes Inclination Angle: 89.0 degrees GRACE-FO MWI SENSOR Name: GRACE-FO Microwave Instrument (GRACE-FO MWI) Swath Width: -1.0 kilometers Description: Spacecraft angular distance from orbital plane relative to the Equator. GRACE-FO / Platform Name: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) Orbit Period: -1.0 minutes Inclination Angle: 89.0 degrees GRACE-FO SCA SENSOR Name: GRACE-FO Star Camera Assembly (GRACE-FO SCA) Swath Width: -1.0 kilometers Description: Spacecraft angular distance from orbital plane relative to the Equator. GRACE-FO / Platform Name: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) Orbit Period: -1.0 minutes Inclination Angle: 89.0 degrees GRACE-FO ACC SENSOR Name: GRACE-FO SuperSTAR Accelerometer (GRACE-FO ACC) Swath Width: -1.0 kilometers Description: Spacecraft angular distance from orbital plane relative to the Equator. GRACE / Platform Name: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Orbit Period: -1.0 minutes Inclination Angle: 89.0 degrees GRACE SCA SENSOR Name: Star Camera Assembly (GRACE SCA) GRACE / Platform Name: Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Orbit Period: -1.0 minutes Inclination Angle: 89.0 degrees GRACE INTERFEROMETER SENSOR Name: GRACE INTERFEROMETER (GRACE INTERFEROMETER) Swath Width: -1.0 kilometers Description: Spacecraft angular distance from orbital plane relative to the Equator. Show More |
| Project | Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) |
| Data Provider | Publisher: JPL Creator: Frederikse, T.; Landerer, F.; Caron, L.; Adhikari, S.; Parkes, D.; Humphrey V.; Dangendorf, S.; Hogarth, P.; Zanna, L.; Cheng, L.; Wu, Y. Release Place: JPL Release Date: 2020-Aug-14 Resource: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2591-3 |
| Format | netCDF-4 |
| Keyword(s) | GMSL, global mean sea level, sea level, barystatic, terrestrial water storage, HOMAGE, GRACE, GRACE-FO, trend, in situ observations, thermosteric |
Questions related to this dataset? Contact podaac@podaac.jpl.nasa.gov
Resolution Temporal Resolution: Monthly - < Annual Coverage Region: GLOBAL North Bounding Coordinate: 89.5 degrees South Bounding Coordinate: -89.5 degrees West Bounding Coordinate: -180 degrees East Bounding Coordinate: 180 degrees Time Span: 1900-Jan-01 to 2018-Dec-31 Granule Time Span: 1900-Jan-01 to 2018-Dec-31 Projection Projection Detail: N/A Ellipsoid: WGS 84 |
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| Available for access in-region with AWS Cloud | |
Region | |
| us-west-2 | |
| podaac-ops-cumulus-protected/JPL_RECON_GMSL/ | |
| podaac-ops-cumulus-public/JPL_RECON_GMSL/ | |
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| Name | Long Name | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| AIS_lower | Antarctic Ice Sheet contribution (lower bound) | mm |
| AIS_mean | Antarctic Ice Sheet contribution (mean value) | mm |
| AIS_upper | Antarctic Ice Sheet contribution (upper bound) | mm |
| glac_lower | Glacier contribution (lower bound) | mm |
| glac_mean | Glacier contribution (mean value) | mm |
| glac_upper | Glacier contribution (upper bound) | mm |
| global_average_sea_level_change | Observed global-average sea level (mean value) | mm |
| global_average_sea_level_change_lower | Observed global-mean sea level (lower bound) | mm |
| global_average_sea_level_change_upper | Observed global-average sea level (upper bound) | mm |
| global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change | Global thermosteric contribution (mean value) | mm |
| global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change_lower | Global thermosteric contribution (lower bound) | mm |
| global_average_thermosteric_sea_level_change_upper | Global thermosteric contribution (upper bound) | mm |
| GrIS_lower | Greenland Ice Sheet contribution (lower bound) | mm |
| GrIS_mean | Greenland Ice Sheet contribution (mean value) | mm |
| GrIS_upper | Greenland Ice Sheet contribution (upper bound) | mm |
| sum_of_contrib_processes_lower | Sum of contributing processes (lower bound) | mm |
| sum_of_contrib_processes_mean | Sum of contributing processes (mean value) | mm |
| sum_of_contrib_processes_upper | Sum of contributing processes (upper bound) | mm |
| time | time | days since 1900-01-01 00:00:00 UTC |
| tws_lower | Terrestrial water storage contribution (lower bound) | mm |
| tws_mean | Terrestrial water storage contribution (mean value) | mm |
| tws_upper | Terrestrial water storage contribution (upper bound) | mm |
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Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. Please cite the data as follows, and cite the reference papers when it is appropriate.
| Citation | Frederikse, T.; Landerer, F.; Caron, L.; Adhikari, S.; Parkes, D.; Humphrey V.; Dangendorf, S.; Hogarth, P.; Zanna, L.; Cheng, L.; Wu, Y.. 2020. JPL_RECON_GMSL. Ver. 1.0. PO.DAAC, CA, USA. Dataset accessed [YYYY-MM-DD] at https://doi.org/10.5067/GMSLT-FJPL1
For more information see Data Citations and Acknowledgments.
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| Journal Reference | Frederikse, T., Landerer, F., Caron, L. et al. The causes of sea-level rise since 1900. Nature 584, 393397 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2591-3 . |
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