Altimetric Data Information: Glossary

  • Reference ellipsoid - An idealized ellipse around the Earth used as a proxy for the bottom of the ocean. The typical reference ellipsoid used by altimetric missions is 6378.1363 km equatorial radius and 1/298.257 flattening coefficient.
  • MSS - Mean Sea Surface - The height of the ocean after averaging many years of sea surface heights to remove seasonal, semi-annual and annual signals.

Altimetric Data Information: Globally-Averaged Sea Level Change

The spatial distribution of sea level change and its global average (global mean sea level or GMSL)  are routinely measured by altimetric satellites. There are over 20 years of altimetric measurements of GMSL, showing variability due to the seasonal cycle, ENSO events as well as a long term upward trend of about 3 mm/yr (about 1 and 3/16 inches every 10 years).  The data are usually filtered so that seasonal cycles are removed. They are cross-calibrated amongst the various satellites, to remove instrument biases.

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