Global Mean Sea Level Trend from Integrated Multi-Mission Ocean Altimeters TOPEX/Poseidon Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2 Version 4.2
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DOI10.5067/GMSLM-TJ142
Short NameMERGED_TP_J1_OSTM_OST_GMSL_ASCII_V42
DescriptionThis dataset contains the Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL) trend generated from the Integrated Multi-Mission Ocean Altimeter Data for Climate Research ( http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/MERGED_TP_J1_OSTM_OST_ALL_V42 ). The GMSL is a 1-dimensional time series of globally averaged Sea Surface Height Anomalies (SSHA) from TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, OSTM/Jason-2 and Jason-3. It starts in September 1992 to present, with a lag of up to 4 months. All biases and cross-calibrations have been applied to the data so SSHA are consistent between satellites. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) has not been applied, but it has been smoothed with a 60 day filter. However this product does not use the TOPEX internal calibration-mode range correction. This is the main difference between version 4 and version 4.2. More information on this calibration can be found at Beckley et al. 2017 DOI 10.1002/2017JC013090. These data are available in ASCII format.
Version4.2
Dataset TypeOPEN
MeasurementOCEANS > SEA SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY > SEA SURFACE HEIGHT
Processing Level4
CoverageRegion: Global
Northernmost Latitude: 66 degrees
Southernmost Latitude: -66 degrees
Westernmost Longitude: 0 degrees
Easternmost Longitude: 360 degrees
Time Span: 1992-Sep-25 to Present
ResolutionSpatial Resolution: 132 degrees (Latitude) x 360 degrees (Longitude)
Temporal Resolution: 10 Day
ProjectionType:
Detail: N/A
Ellipsoid:
Latency hours
Platform/Sensor
JASON-1
Platform
Name: JASON-1 (JASON-1)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
POSEIDON-2
SENSOR
Name: JASON-1 RADAR ALTIMETER (POSEIDON-2)
Swath Width: - km
Description: The Poseidon-2 altimeter, operating at 13.575 GHz (Ku band) and 5.3 GHz (C band), is the primary sensor for the JASON-1 mission. The measurements made at the two frequencies are combined to obtain measurements of the altimeter range, wind speed, significant wave height, and the ionospheric correction. The Poseidon-2 package consists of dual redundant altimeter units each of which has low mass and low power consumption.

JASON-1
Platform
Name: JASON-1 (JASON-1)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
JASON-1 Microwave Radiometer
SENSOR
Name: JASON-1 MICROWAVE RADIOMETER (JASON-1 Microwave Radiometer)
Swath Width: 22.9 km
Description: The JMR measures the sea surface microwave brightness temperatures at three frequencies (18.7 GHz, 23.8 GHz and 34.0 GHz) to provide the total water vapor content in the troposphere along the altimeter beam. The 23.8 GHz channel is the primary channel for water-vapor measurement and is a redundant channel on the JMR. The 18.7 GHz channel provides a correction for wind-induced effects in the sea surface background emissions, and the 34.0 GHz channel provides a correction for cloud liquid water. The measurements are combined to obtain the error in the satellite range measurements caused by pulse delay due to the water vapor.

TOPEX/POSEIDON
Platform
Name: Topography Experiment/Poseidon (TOPEX/POSEIDON)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
ALT (TOPEX)
SENSOR
Name: TOPEX ALTIMETER (ALT (TOPEX))
Swath Width: 5 km
Description: A satellite altimeter consists of a transmitter that sends out very sharp pulses, a sensitive receiver to record the pulse after it is reflected from the sea surface, and an accurate clock to note the time interval between transmission and reception. Examples of satellite altimeters used in the remote sensing of ocean surface height, wave height and wind speed are Seasat, Geosat and Topex/Poseidon.

TOPEX/POSEIDON
Platform
Name: Topography Experiment/Poseidon (TOPEX/POSEIDON)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
SSALT
SENSOR
Name: POSEIDON Solid State Radar Altimeter (SSALT)
Swath Width: 5 km
Description: A satellite altimeter consists of a transmitter that sends out very sharp pulses, a sensitive receiver to record the pulse after it is reflected from the sea surface, and an accurate clock to note the time interval between transmission and reception. Examples of satellite altimeters used in the remote sensing of ocean surface height, wave height and wind speed are Seasat, Geosat and Topex/Poseidon.

TOPEX/POSEIDON
Platform
Name: Topography Experiment/Poseidon (TOPEX/POSEIDON)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
TMR
SENSOR
Name: TOPEX MICROWAVE RADIOMETER (TMR)
Swath Width: 5 km
Description: The TMR measures the sea surface microwave brightness temperatures at three frequencies (18 GHz, 21 GHz and 37 GHz) to provide the total water-vapor content in the troposphere along the altimeter beam. The 21 GHz channel is the primary channel for water-vapor measurement. It is redundant (21A and 21B). The 18 GHz and 37 GHz channels are used to remove the effects of wind speed and cloud cover, respectively in the water-vapor measurement. TMR data are sent to CNES for processing along with their altimeter data. The measurements are combined to obtain the error in the satellite range measurements caused by pulse delay due to the water vapor.

OSTM/JASON-2
Platform
Name: Ocean Surface Topography Mission/Jason-2 (OSTM/JASON-2)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
POSEIDON-3
SENSOR
Name: OSTM/Jason-2 RADAR alitmieter (POSEIDON-3)
Swath Width: 5.1 km
Description: The Poseidon-3 altimeter, operating at 13.575 GHz (Ku band) and 5.3 GHz (C band), is the primary sensor for the OSTM mission. The measurements made at the two frequencies are combined to obtain measurements of the altimeter range, wind speed, significant wave height, and the ionoshperic correction. The Poseidon-3 package consists of dual redundant altimeter units each of which has low mass and low power consumption.

OSTM/JASON-2
Platform
Name: Ocean Surface Topography Mission/Jason-2 (OSTM/JASON-2)
Orbit Period: 112.43 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.04 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
AMR
SENSOR
Name: Advanced Microwave Radiometer (AMR)
Swath Width: - km
Description: -

JASON-3
Platform
Name: Jason-3 (JASON-3)
Orbit Period: 112 minutes
Inclination Angle: 66.05 degrees
Ascending Node: 1970-Jan-01 00:00:00
/
POSEIDON-3B
SENSOR
Name: POSEIDON-3B (POSEIDON-3B)
Swath Width: 5.1 km
Description: POSEIDON-3B

ProjectMaking Earth Science Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs)
Data ProviderCreator: Beckley, B.; Zelensky, N.P.; Holmes, S.A.;Lemoine, F.G.; Ray, R.D.; Mitchum, G.T.; Desai, S.; Brown, S.T.
Release Place: JPL
Release Date: 2016-Dec-28
Resource: N/A
Keyword(s)GMSL, sea level, trend, TOPEX, Poseidon, TOPEX/Poseidon, T/P, Jason-1, J1, OSTM, Jason-2, J2, global mean sea level
Persistent IDPODAAC-GMSLM-TJ142
Questions related to this dataset? Contact podaac@podaac.jpl.nasa.gov
User's Guide
DOI: 10.5067/ALTUG-TJ142https://podaac-tools.jpl.nasa.gov/drive/files/allData/merged_alt/L2/TP_J1_OSTM/docs/v050420version42multialthandbook.pdf
Integrated Multi-Mission Ocean Altimeter Data for Climate Research TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, 2, and 3 Version 4.2
Journal References
Brown 2010http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5401046
Near-land radiometer wet path-delay retrieval algorithm description
Zelensky et al. 2010http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117710003236
Zelensky, N.P., F.G. Lemoine, M. Ziebart, A. Sibthorpe, P. Willis, B.D. Beckley, S.M. Klosko, D.S. Chinn, D.D. Rowlands, S.B. Luthcke, D.E. Pavlis, V. Luceri, DORIS/SLR POD modeling improvements for Jason-1 and Jason-2, Adv. Space Research, 46(12), 1541-1558, 2010. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2010.05.008
Brown et al. 2009http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/2009JTECHA1305.1
Microwave radiometer calibration over decadal time scales
Brown et al. 2007http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4261028
Long-term stability of microwave radiometers using noise diodes for calibration
Brown et al. 2004http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a713657908~frm=titlelink
Jason-1 radiometer performance and calibration
Lemoine et al. 2010http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117710003224
Lemoine, F.G., N.P. Zelensky, D.S. Chinn, D.E. Pavlis, D.D. Rowlands, B.D. Beckley, S.B. Luthcke, P. Willis, M. Ziebart, A. Sibthorpe, J. Boy, V. Luceri, Towards development of a consistent orbit series for TOPEX, Jason-1, and Jason-2, Adv. Space Research, 46 (2010) 1513-1540, doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2010.05.007
Ray 1999http://bowie.gsfc.nasa.gov/ggfc/tides/harm_got99.html
Ray, R.D. 1999. A global ocean tide model from TOPEX/Poseidon altimetry: GOT99.2, NASA TM-1999-209478, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, September 1999 (Update).
Brown and Ruf 2007http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JTECH1993.1
Validation and development of melting layer models
Ray et al. 2010http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117710001250
Ray, R.D., B.D. Beckley, F.G. Lemoine. Vertical crustal motion derived from satellite altimetry and tide gauges, and comparisons with DORIS measurements. Adv. Space Research, 45 (2010) 1510-1522, doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2010.02.020
Beckley et al. 2007http://europa.agu.org/?view=article
Beckley, B.D., F.G. Lemoine, S.B. Luthcke, R.D. Ray, and N.P. Zelensky. 2007. A reassessment of TOPEX and Jason-1 altimetry based on revised reference frame and orbits. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L14608, DOI:10.1029/2007GL030002.
Citation Beckley, B.; Zelensky, N.P.; Holmes, S.A.;Lemoine, F.G.; Ray, R.D.; Mitchum, G.T.; Desai, S.; Brown, S.T.. 2016. Global Mean Sea Level Trend from Integrated Multi-Mission Ocean Altimeters TOPEX/Poseidon Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2 Version 4.2. Ver. 4.2. PO.DAAC, CA, USA. Dataset accessed [YYYY-MM-DD] at https://doi.org/10.5067/GMSLM-TJ142.

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For more information see Data Citations and Acknowledgments.
Journal Reference Beckley, B.D., N.P. Zelensky, S.A. Holmes, F.G. Lemoine, R.D. Ray, G.T. Mitchum, S. Desai, S.T. Brown, Assessment of the Jason-2 Extension to the TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 Sea-Surface Height Time Series for Global Mean Sea Level Monitoring, Marine Geodesy, 33(S1): 447-471, 2010, Supplemental Issue on OSTM/Jason-2 calibration/validation, Vol. 1, DOI: 10.1080/01490419.2010.491029.